Eyecare & diseases of the head
Binocular Indirect Ophthalmoscope. An ophthalmoscope is an instrument used for examining the interior structures of the eye, especially the retina, consisting of a mirror that reflects light into the eye and a central hole through which the eye is examined. The eye is made up of three coats, or layers, enclosing various anatomical structures. The outermost layer, known as the fibrous tunic, is composed of the cornea and sclera. The middle layer, known as the vascular tunic or uvea, consists of the choroid, ciliary body, pigmented epithelium, and iris. That machine is called a phoropter, and your optometrist uses it to conduct a retinoscopy. A retinoscopy allows the optometrist to approximate your optimal lens prescription. As you gaze through the phoropter, the eye doctor flips different lenses in front of your eyes. Eye disease can affect anyone at any time. Some diseases are age-related. Others can be caused by illness, certain medications, and preexisting conditions. No matter what the cause, early detection allows for more effective treatment and helps prevent additional complications.